1. Water-loss problems during heating

　　During heating, water loss from the heating system can also cause thermal imbalance. The main cause of water loss is leakage in the insulated pipeline. Water-loss problems continue to trouble heating departments. On the one hand, water loss wastes a great deal of heat energy, bringing huge economic losses to heating departments and causing thermal imbalance in some areas; on the other hand, water loss also affects people's lives.

　　Leakage of insulated pipelines in particular often leads to resident complaints and disputes. To improve quality of life and reduce resource waste, water loss in the heating system should be addressed promptly.

　　2. Corrosion affects insulated-pipeline quality

　　If insulated pipe is exposed for a long time to acid rain and impurities in water, corrosion will occur and damage the quality of the insulated pipe.

　　Common causes of corrosion include oxygen corrosion, bacterial corrosion, chloride-ion corrosion, and other chemical corrosion. When corrosion is severe, it will cause leakage of the insulated pipeline, resulting in thermal imbalance. Therefore, to improve heating performance and prevent thermal imbalance, necessary measures must be taken to reduce the impact of corrosion on the quality of insulated pipelines.

　　3. Defects exist in boiler retrofitting

　　During boiler retrofitting, certain defects can easily cause thermal imbalance, specifically because the insulated pipes used in the retrofit have relatively small diameters.

　　When insulated pipelines are used for hot-water conveyance, if the pipe diameter is too small, water flow will be obstructed and the heat-transfer efficiency of the hot water will be reduced. When the water flow velocity is too slow, a large amount of heat energy will be lost, ultimately causing the heating temperature of heat users in areas far from the boiler to be unqualified.

　　At the same time, in areas closer to the boiler, heating temperature may instead be too high due to hot-water pressure buildup in the insulated pipe.

　　4. Effects of Ambient Temperature on Insulated Pipelines

　　When the ambient temperature changes significantly, insulated pipelines undergo thermal expansion and contraction. If the insulated pipeline has been in service for too long or has quality issues, large temperature swings and the resulting expansion and contraction can easily cause the pipe to crack. Cracking of insulated pipelines is more serious than leakage: it affects the normal operation of the entire heating system, causes large-scale water loss, and is a major cause of thermal imbalance.

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